Study on the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation on debris cleaning ability and root canal shape

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2022.01.002

Abstract

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of passive ultrasonic irrigation(PUI) in curved root canals, and debris cleaning ability and the amount of root canal transportation of passive ultrasonic irrigation(PUI) in curved root canals. METHODS: A total of 36 mesially curved root canals of mandibular molars with a curvature above 25° were selected. The root canals were prepared with XP-endo Shaper root canal file. The samples were divided into A1 group (curved length>3 mm, syringe irrigation), B1 group(curved length>3 mm, PUI+K file), C1 group(curved length>3 mm, PUI+irrisafe), A2 group (curved length<3 mm, syringe irrigation), B2 group (curved length<3 mm, PUI+K file), and C2 group (curved length<3 mm, PUI+ irrisafe) (n=6). Micro-CT scans were performed on all samples before and after irrigation, and the volume increase in the root canal after irrigation and the transportation of the root canal were calculated. SPSS 22.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: In the apical area of the root canal with a curved length greater than 3 mm, the root canal volume increase in the PUI+irrisafe group was significantly greater than that of the PUI+K file and syringe irrigation (P<0.05), and at 5 mm section, the transportation of the root canal formed by PUI+irrisafe was significantly lower than that of the PUI+K file (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference from syringe irrigation (P>0.05); in root canals with a curved length less than 3 mm, root canal volume increment of the file group was significantly greater than that of syringe irrigation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the root canal transportation and syringe irrigation(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In root canals with larger curved length, passive ultrasonic irrigation combined with a pre-curved file can obtain a better cleaning effect, while in root canals with smaller curved length, both K file and pre-curved file with passive ultrasonic irrigation are safe and effective.

Key words: Passive ultrasonic irrigation, Curved canals, Root canal transportation

CLC Number:

R781.05

PRIYA Vishnu, SHAO Jiao-jiao, FENG Fei, ZHANG Qi. Study on the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation on debris cleaning ability and root canal shape[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2022, 31(1): 6-11.

References

[1] Lee SJ, Wu MK, Wesselink PR.The effectiveness of syringe irrigation and ultrasonics to remove debris from simulated irregularities within prepared root canal walls[J]. Int Endod J, 2004, 37(10): 672-678.
[2] Chugal N, Mallya SM, Kahler B, et al.Endodontic treatment outcomes[J]. Dent Clin North Am, 2017, 61(1): 59-80.
[3] Castelo-Baz P, Varela-Patiño P, Cantatore G, et al.In vitro comparison of passive and continuous ultrasonic irrigation in curved root canals[J]. J Clin Exp Dent, 2016, 8(4): e437-e441.
[4] Boutsioukis C, Gogos C, Verhaagen B, et al.The effect of apical preparation size on irrigant flow in root canals evaluated using an unsteady computational fluid dynamics model[J]. Int Endod J, 2010, 43(10): 874-881.
[5] Tay FR, Gu LS, Schoeffel GJ, et al.Effect of vapor lock on root canal debridement by using a side-vented needle for positive-pressure irrigant delivery[J]. J Endod, 2010, 36(4): 745-750.
[6] Jiang LM, Lak B, Eijsvogels LM, et al.Comparison of the cleaning efficacy of different final irrigation techniques[J]. J Endod, 2012, 38(6): 838-841.
[7] 苏征, 白雨豪, 侯晓玫. 不同技术对弯曲根管根尖气锁去除效果的锥形束CT研究[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2017, 49(1): 76-80.
[8] Walmsley AD, Williams AR.Effects of constraint on the oscillatory pattern of endosonic files[J]. J Endod, 1989, 15(5): 189-194.
[9] Malki M, Verhaagen B, Jiang LM, et al.Irrigant flow beyond the insertion depth of an ultrasonically oscillating file in straight and curved root canals: visualization and cleaning efficacy[J]. J Endod, 2012, 38(5): 657-661.
[10] Retsas A, Koursoumis A, Tzimpoulas N, et al.Uncontrolled removal of dentin during in vitro ultrasonic irrigant activation in curved root canals[J]. J Endod, 2016, 42(10): 1545-1549.
[11] Amato M, Vanoni-Heineken I, Hecker H, et al.Curved versus straight root canals: the benefit of activated irrigation techniques on dentin debris removal[J].Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2011, 111(4): 529-534.
[12] Küçükkaya Eren S, Aksel H, Parashos P. A novel model for testing the efficiency of removal of calcium hydroxide from complex root canal anatomies[J]. Aust Endod J, 2017, 43(1): 5-10.
[13] Wang Y, Guo LY, Fang HZ, et al.An in vitro study on the efficacy of removing calcium hydroxide from curved root canal systems in root canal therapy[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2017, 9(2): 110-116.
[14] Sabins RA, Johnson JD, Hellstein JW.A comparison of the cleaning efficacy of short-term sonic and ultrasonic passive irrigation after hand instrumentation in molar root canals[J]. J Endod, 2003, 29(10): 674-678.
[15] Neuhaus KW, Liebi M, Stauffacher S, et al.Antibacterial efficacy of a new sonic irrigation device for root canal disinfection[J]. J Endod, 2016, 42(12): 1799-1803.
[16] Merino A, Estevez R, de Gregorio C, et al. The effect of different taper preparations on the ability of sonic and passive ultrasonic irrigation to reach the working length in curved canals[J]. Int Endod J, 2013, 46(5): 427-433.
[18] Gao Y, Cheung GS, Shen Y, et al.Mechanical behavior of ProTaper universal F2 finishing file under various curvature conditions: a finite element analysis study[J]. J Endod, 2011, 37(10): 1446-1450.
[19] 郑庆华, 李文, 黄定明. 恒牙根管弯曲的解剖学特征[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2010, 37(3): 317-319.
[20] Siqueira JF Jr, Pérez AR, Marceliano-Alves MF, et al.What happens to unprepared root canal walls: a correlative analysis using micro-computed tomography and histology/scanning electron microscopy[J]. Int Endod J, 2018, 51(5): 501-508.
[21] Paqué F, Laib A, Gautschi H, et al.Hard-tissue debris accumulation analysis by high-resolution computed tomography scans[J]. J Endod, 2009, 35(7): 1044-1047.
[22] Linden D, Boone M, De Bruyne M, et al.Adjunctive steps for the removal of hard tissue debris from the anatomic complexities of the mesial root canal system of mandibular molars: a micro-computed tomographic study[J]. J Endod, 2020, 46(10): 1508-1514.
[23] Weller RN, Brady JM, Bernier WE.Efficacy of ultrasonic cleaning[J]. J Endod, 1980, 6(9): 740-743.
[24] Freire LG, Iglecias EF, Cunha RS, et al.Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of hard tissue debris removal after different irrigation methods and its influence on the filling of curved canals[J]. J Endod, 2015, 41(10): 1660-1666.
[25] 黄丽东, 宫玮玉, 董艳梅. 根管冲洗的研究进展[J]. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2018, 45(4): 465-472.
[26] Robinson JP, Macedo RG, Verhaagen B, et al.Cleaning lateral morphological features of the root canal: the role of streaming and cavitation[J]. Int Endod J, 2018, 51(Suppl 1): e55-e64.
[27] Macedo RG, Verhaagen B, Fernandez Rivas D, et al.Sonochemical and high-speed optical characterization of cavitation generated by an ultrasonically oscillating dental file in root canal models[J]. Ultrason Sonochem, 2014, 21(1): 324-335.
[28] Al-Jadaa A, Paqué F, Attin T, et al.Acoustic hypochlorite activation in simulated curved canals[J].J Endod, 2009, 35(10): 1408-1411.
[29] 马艳华, 许崇游, 李荣华, 等. 4种冲洗方法对弯曲根管玷污层影响的体外研究[J]. 天津医药, 2014, 42(5): 495-497.
[30] Ahmad M, Roy RA, Kamarudin AG.Observations of acoustic streaming fields around an oscillating ultrasonic file[J]. Endod Dent Traumatol, 1992, 8(5): 189-194.