Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term effects of residual bone height (RBH), maxillary sinus membrane perforation, and cavities on survival of implants with lateral maxillary sinus lifting (MSFA). METHODS: Fifty-six patients (98 implants) who underwent MSFA from 2005 to 2009 and followed up till 2019 were enrolled. RBH was assessed using a series of panoramic and periapical X-ray films. Based on the presence of RBH, sinus membrane perforation, cavities, the cumulative survival rate (CSR) were evaluated using log-rank test and risk ratio of implant failure, SPSS 21.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The residual bone height of implants with sinus membrane perforation was significantly larger than those without sinus membrane perforation. The residual bone height of the survival implants was significantly larger than that of the failed implants(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the residual bone height between gender, smoking and cavities(P>0.05). The total CSR of 10 years after implantation by MSFA was 94.5%, of which the females was significantly higher than that of males, non-smokers was significantly higher than that of smokers, and RBH≥3 mm was significantly higher than that of RBH<3 mm(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in CSR between sinus membrane perforation and non-sinus membrane perforation. CONCLUSIONS: Implants with RBH<3 mm have lower CSR, and the survival is acceptable under proper oral hygiene maintenance conditions. Sinus perforation and cavity do not affect the survival of lateral MSFA implants.

Key words: Maxillary sinus lifting, Bone regeneration, Survival, Sinus membrane perforation, Cavity