上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 308-313.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.03.017

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海地区189名正常乳牙数字化模型测量与分析

蔡越, 张曼曼, 苏红如*, 钱文昊*   

  1. 上海市徐汇区牙病防治所,上海 200032
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-09 修回日期:2022-08-14 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 苏红如,E-mail:xyfyfk@163.com;钱文昊,E-mail:pingyanlaoto@163.com。*共同通信作者
  • 作者简介:蔡越（1987-）,女,硕士,主治医师,E-mail:13764190015@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市徐汇区牙病防治所院级课题（SHXYF201901）

Study on digital models of normal deciduous dentition in 189 children from Shanghai

CAI Yue, ZHANG Man-man, SU Hong-ru, QIAN Wen-hao   

  1. Dental Disease Control Institute, Xuhui District. Shanghai 200032, China
  • Received:2022-06-09 Revised:2022-08-14 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-06-28

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摘要： 目的：研究正常乳牙的性别差异以及生长发育规律。方法：在上海市徐汇区多所幼儿园内,获取3~6岁正常乳牙儿童189名,通过口内光学扫描获取乳牙列的三维数字化模型。利用三维逆向工程软件Geomagic Studio12.0提取数据,测量乳牙数字化模型的前牙牙弓弧长(APC)、全牙弓弧长(APE)、前牙牙弓长度(LC)、全牙弓长度（LE）、前牙牙弓宽度(C-C)、后牙牙弓宽度（E-E）、乳牙冠近远中径、上下颌间隙。采用SPSS 22.0软件包对测量数据进行统计学分析。结果：上下颌乳牙弓各参数的测量值均为男性显著大于女性（P<0.05）。按照年龄分组,3岁组中男性的上颌APC、C-C、E-E显著大于女性（P<0.05）。4岁组中,除上颌LC外,所有其他参数均具有显著差异（P<0.05）。5岁组中,除上颌APE,下颌APC、LC、LE、C-C外,其余上下颌各项参数均为男性显著大于女性（P<0.05）。6岁组中,除下颌APE外,其余参数均无显著差异。除上颌乳侧切牙和下颌乳中切牙外,其他乳牙的近远中径均为男性大于女性（P<0.05）。3~6岁不同年龄段儿童的上颌LE及上颌E-E存在显著差异（P<0.05）,上颌间隙量显著大于下颌间隙量（P<0.01）。结论：乳牙列期儿童正常乳牙存在性别差异,4岁时最明显。

关键词: 正常乳牙列, 数字化模型, 模型测量

Abstract: PURPOSE: To study the gender difference and the regulation of growth and development in normal deciduous dentition. METHODS: A total of 189 children with normal deciduous dentition aged 3 to 6 years in several kindergartens in Xuhui District in Shanghai were selected. The three-dimensional(3D) digital dental models were reconstructed by intraoral scanning. Geomagic Studio, a 3D reverse engineering software, was employed to extract the data, such as the dental arc perimeter of C(APC), the dental arc perimeter of E(APE), the dental arc length of C(LC), the dental arc length of E(LE), the dental arc width of C(C-C), the dental arc width of E(E-E), the mesiodistal width of the deciduous crown, the maxillary and mandibular space. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Parameters of deciduous dentition in boys were significantly elevated than in girls(P<0.05). All the boys and girls were divided into 4 groups by age. In 3-year-old group, significant differences were observed in maxillary APC, C-C, E-E(P<0.05) between boys and girls. In 4-year-old group, all boys' parameters were significantly greater than girls'(P<0.05) except maxillary LC. In 5-year-old group, there were significant differences in all the parameters between boys and girl(P<0.05) except maxillary APE and mandibular APC, LC, LE, C-C. No significant difference was observed in all the parameters except mandibular APE in 6-year old group. The significant difference between boys and girls were observed in the mesiodistal width of each deciduous crown except that of the maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular central incisor (P<0.05). There were significant differences in maxillary LE and E-E among children of different ages(P<0.05).The maxillary space was significantly greater than the mandibular space(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There was gender difference in children's normal deciduous dentition, especially when they were 4 years old.

Key words: Normal deciduous dentition, Digital model, Model measurement

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