上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 509-514.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2020.05.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市老年人牙缺失、义齿修复与口腔健康相关生命质量的现状研究

郭晓静1,2, 张颖1,2, 张皓1,2, 曾晓莉1,2, 毛艳敏1,2, 董华3, 华敏4, 江一巍1,2, 王艳1,2   

  1. 1.上海市口腔病防治院,上海 200001;
    2.复旦大学附属口腔医院 口腔生物医学工程实验室,上海 200001;
    3.嘉定区牙病防治所,上海 201899;
    4.黄浦区牙病防治所,上海 200002
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-30 修回日期:2019-11-14 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 王艳,E-mail:serene2000@163.com
  • 作者简介:郭晓静（1989-）,女,博士,E-mail：guo_xiaojing@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市卫生计生委课题(201740062); 上海申康中心临床研究培育项目(SHDC12017X22)

Status of tooth loss, prosthodontic treatment and oral health-related quality of life of Shanghai elderly people

GUO Xiao-jing1,2, ZHANG Ying1,2, ZHANG Hao1,2, ZENG Xiao-li1,2, MAO Yan-min1,2, DONG Hua3, HUA Min4, JIANG Yi-wei1,2, WANG Yan1,2   

  1. 1. Shanghai Stomatological Hospital. Shanghai 200001;
    2. Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University. Shanghai 200001;
    3. Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Center of Jiading District. Shanghai 201899;
    4. Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Center of Huangpu District. Shanghai 200002, China
  • Received:2019-07-30 Revised:2019-11-14 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-11-02

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摘要： 目的：以Eichner分类法代表牙缺失状况,研究上海市老年人牙缺失、修复情况及口腔健康相关生命质量的现状,同时探讨生命质量与牙缺失、义齿修复与否的相关性。方法：以65~74岁年龄组为研究对象,采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取747名受试者纳入研究。使用第四次全国口腔流行病学调查的检查方法及问卷,收集受试者的缺牙状况、生命质量等数据。采用SPSS 19.0软件包进行非参数检验、二元logistic回归分析等。结果：79.1%的受试者存在牙缺失,35%的受试者未曾接受义齿修复。Eichner分组后,仅A1、A2和C3组受试者的老年口腔健康评价指数（general oral health assessment index,GOHAI）得分高于平均分,B组得分最低。GOHAI得分与受试者修复与否,全身健康状况及Eichner分组有显著相关性（P<0.05）。Eichner分组中,除C2组因样本量原因出现偏差外,其余Eichner组中,未修复受试者的GOHAI得分均低于已修复受试者。而在有缺牙未修复的人群中,81.2%的受试者认为自己牙没有问题或牙病不重。结论：上海市65~74岁老年人中牙缺失问题严重,但进行义齿修复的老人少。老年人的口腔健康相关生命质量与牙缺失状况、义齿修复与否及全身健康相关。应加强对缺牙老年人的口腔健康宣教,及时修复缺失牙,提高老年人的生命质量。

关键词: 老年人, 牙缺失, Eichner分类法, 义齿修复, 老年口腔健康评价指数

Abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate oral health status of the elderly in Shanghai using Eichner index dental classification system, and to discuss the relations between tooth loss, prosthodontic treatment and the impact on oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL). METHODS: A total of 747 subjects aging 65-74 years old were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling method. Clinical examination and questionnaires of the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China were used for the study, and data of tooth loss, OHRQoL were analyzed using non-parametric test and binary logistic regression with SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: 79.1% of the subjects had problem of missing teeth, while 35% of them never received any kind of dental prosthesis. Grouping by the Eichner index, only A1, A2 and C3 group were scored above the average, while group B had the lowest general oral health assessment index(GOHAI) score. The scores of GOHAI were significantly correlated to dental prosthodontic treatment, overall health status and Eichner index(P<0.05). Except for group C2 due to the small sample size, the scores of GOHAI in most of the untreated subjects were lower than those who had prosthesis. Among the subjects with missing teeth but without prosthesis, 81.2% of the subjects thought they had no problem with their teeth or the problem did not matter. CONCLUSIONS: Tooth loss is a serious problem among the elderly in Shanghai, but only a few of them have received dental prosthodontic treatment. The OHRQoL of the elderly is related to tooth loss, dental prosthodontic treatment and overall health. Oral health education should be strengthened for the elderly people with missing teeth, to replace their missing teeth timely and improve their quality of life.

Key words: Elderly people, Tooth loss, Eichner index, Dental prosthodontic treatment, GOHAI

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