Abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the clinical characteristics of hematological diseases with oral presentation as the first manifestation, and to provide basis for early diagnosis of hematological diseases and prevention of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 500 patients with hematological diseases who were first diagnosed in department of stomatology in our hospital during the past five years were reviewed, and the diversity and distribution of oral manifestations of patients with hematological diseases were analyzed. RESULTS: Oral manifestations of 500 patients with hematological diseases were mainly oral mucosa and gingival bleeding, gingival hyperplasia, oral mucosal ulcer, oral mucosal infection, oral and maxillofacial mass. Among them, the number of hematological diseases patients first diagnosed in the department of stomatology with the symptoms of oral and maxillofacial mass was the largest, accounting for 19.8%. Blood routine, coagulation mechanism and oral pathological biopsy were very important for preliminary screening and diagnosis of hematological diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Oral manifestations of various hematological diseases may occur at the early stage of the disease. Correct understanding of oral manifestations of the diversity of hematological diseases, combined with blood routine and coagulation mechanism examination, can preliminarily screen hematological diseases. Pathological examination of tumors in patients with oral and maxillofacial masses can be carried out. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hematological diseases can be made earlier in clinic, so as to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. For patients with hematological diseases first diagnosed in the department of stomatology, the treatment of oral characterization mainly focuses on hematological diseases, supplemented by local symptomatic treatment of oral cavity.

Key words: Oral presentation, Hematological disease, Differential diagnosis