上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 174-178.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2020.02.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市1296名3~5岁儿童龋病及其相关危险因素分析

王沪宁1,2, 王艳1,2, 张皓1,2, 毛艳敏2,3, 董华4, 华敏5, 江一巍1,2, 张颖1,2   

  1. 1.上海市口腔病防治院 口腔预防科,上海 200001;
    2.复旦大学附属口腔医院 口腔生物医学工程实验室,上海 200001;
    3.上海市口腔病防治院 正畸科,上海 200001;
    4.嘉定区牙病防治所 口腔预防科,上海 201800;
    5.黄浦区牙病防治所 口腔预防科,上海 200002
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-08 修回日期:2019-07-25 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 张颖,E-mail:zhangyingcmu@vip.163.com
  • 作者简介:王沪宁(1991-),女,博士,医师,E-mail:whn920113@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    第4次全国口腔健康流行病学调查项目(201502002);上海申康医院发展中心促进市级医院临床技能与临床创新能力3年行动计划项目(16CR4018A)

Early childhood caries and its related risk factors in 1 296 children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai

WANG Hu-ning1,2, WANG Yan1,2, ZHANG Hao1,2, MAO Yan-min2,3, DONG Hua4, HUA Min5, JIANG Yi-wei1,2, ZHANG Ying1,2   

  1. 1.Department of Preventive Dentistry;
    2.Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory;
    3.Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University. Shanghai 200001;
    4.Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jiading District Odontopathy Dispensary. Shanghai 201800;
    5.Department of Preventive Dentistry, Huangpu District Odontopathy Dispensary. Shanghai 200002, China
  • Received:2019-04-08 Revised:2019-07-25 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-04-30

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摘要： 目的 了解上海市3~5岁儿童低龄儿童龋患病情况及相关危险因素,为龋病防治提供参考。方法 根据第4次全国口腔健康流行病学调查要求,采用多阶段分层、等容量随机抽样方法,抽取上海市1 296名4个区、12个幼儿园中3~5岁儿童进行龋病检查,对其家长进行口腔健康知识问卷调查。采用SPSS 21.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果 上海市3~5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率、龋均分别为58.07%、2.99,各年龄组及性别间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。龋病相关单因素分析及多因素Logistics回归分析均显示,饮用甜饮料频率高、睡前吃甜食、刷牙频率少于每天1次、开始刷牙年龄大于2岁、家长受教育程度低及口腔健康知识水平差是患龋的危险因素。结论 上海市3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率较高,加强儿童的饮食习惯及口腔卫生行为教育,提高家长口腔健康知识水平,是防治儿童龋病的有效途径。

关键词: 第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查, 低龄儿童龋, 危险因素

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prevelence of early childhood caries (ECC) and its related risk factors in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai. METHODS: According to the requirements of the Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health, multistage, stratified, equal capacity and simple random sampling method was performed. A total of 1 296 children aged 3, 4 and 5 years old in 12 kindergartens in Shanghai were selected to calculate the prevalence and the mean dmft(decayed-missing-filled tooth). Their parents were surveyed with questionnaire on oral hygiene habit and consciousness of oral health and related factors. Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0 software package. RESULTS: The prevalence of ECC were 58.07% in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai, with dmft index of 2.99 in average. There were significant differences in the mean dmft and the prevalence between male and female and among different age groups(P<0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, more frequent sweet drinks, eating sweets before sleep, less daily tooth brushing, starting tooth brushing after 2 years old and low level of parents' education and oral health knowledge were risk factors for dental caries. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ECC in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai is severe. There is an urgent need for implementation of a systematic education on diet habit and oral health behavior, and the parental education on oral hygiene needs to be further improved.

Key words: The Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health, Early childhood caries, Risk factors

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